Characterising Rhythmic and Episodic Pulsing Behaviour in the Castleton Karst, Derbyshire (UK), Using High Resolution in-Cave Monitoring

The discharge from most karst springs exhibits a consistent and reasonably predictable response to recharge but few exhibit short-term (‘rhythmic’) changes in flow that are commonly attributed the geometry of feeder conduits action siphons. This paper investigates water system rhythmic episodic due variations two phreatic (Main Rising (MR) Whirlpool (WR)) pass through Speedwell Cavern en route springs. Water tracing experiments indicate receive both allogenic autogenic recharge. Flow dynamics conduit behaviour were investigated using high-resolution (2-min) depth data collected MR WR between 2012 2015 (when was dominant) 2021 2023 dominant). depths also logged cave at upstream end draining temporal variability is greater than any documented previous studies. bedrock permeability sediment accumulation loops, which together influence